June 2025 popular referendum and management of electoral leave

News No. 13/2025

We hereby wish to provide you with a summary of the questions that will be put to citizens in the upcoming Referendum on June 8 and 9, 2025, concerning labor and citizenship.

There are a total of five questions, all of which are abrogative, aimed at modifying or eliminating specific legal provisions currently in force.

The first question pertains to the contract of employment with increasing protections – Regulation of unlawful dismissals: Repeal, aiming to restore the possibility of re-employment for employees dismissed without just cause, thereby superseding the norms introduced by the Jobs Act, which only provided for monetary compensation.

The text of the question is as follows: “Do you wish for the repeal of Legislative Decree no. 23 of March 4, 2015 (...) concerning: “Provisions regarding open-ended employment contracts with increasing protections, in implementation of Law 10 December 2014, no. 183, in its entirety?”

The question therefore proposes a return to the system preceding the Jobs Act, restoring the judge's ability to order the reinstatement of workers hired after March 7, 2015, in cases of dismissal without just cause or justified reason.

If approved, the referendum would entail the complete repeal of Legislative Decree no. 23/2015, eliminating increasing protections and allowing the application of a system of real protection for all workers, based on judicial assessment and, in some cases, the reinstatement of the dismissed worker into their job.

The second question concerns workers in small businesses, seeking to eliminate the maximum limit on compensation in cases of unlawful dismissal, thereby granting greater discretion to the judge in calculating the compensatory indemnity.

The text of the question is as follows: “Do you wish for the repeal of Article 8 of Law 15 July 1966, no. 604, concerning “Rules on individual dismissals”, as replaced by Article 2, paragraph 3, of Law 11 May 1990, no. 108, limited to the words “between one”, to the words “and a maximum of 6” and to the words “The maximum amount of the aforementioned indemnity may be increased up to 10 months' salary for employees with more than ten years of service and up to 14 months' salary for employees with more than twenty years of service, if employed by an employer with more than fifteen employees.”?

If approved, the question would eliminate regulatory constraints on compensation, potentially increasing economic protections for those employed by small employers in cases of unjustified dismissal.

The third question proposes the partial repeal of norms concerning the affixing of terms to subordinate employment contracts, maximum duration, and conditions for extensions and renewals, thereby reverting to more rigid constraints for their use, with the aim of counteracting forms of precarious employment.

The text of the third question is as follows: “Do you wish for the repeal of Legislative Decree 15 June 2015, no. 81, concerning “Organic regulation of employment contracts and revision of norms on duties, pursuant to Article 1, paragraph 7, of Law 10 December 2014, no. 183”, limited to the following parts: Article 19, paragraph 1, limited to the words (...), Article 21, paragraph 01, limited to the words “freely in the first twelve months and, subsequently,”?

If the question were approved, it would revert to a system where every fixed-term contract must be justified by concrete needs, thereby reducing flexibility for businesses. Specifically, the question proposes making the presence of a justifying reason mandatory from the outset of the fixed-term contract and limiting the parties' autonomy in defining it.

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